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Improved Diagnosis of Cancer: How Genomics Can Contribute to Cancer Treatment?BY: Ritu Choudhary | Category: Other | Submitted: 2010-07-03 18:44:54
What is cancer? Cancer is an umbrella term for many conditions in which a group of cells in the body grows at an abnormal speed. This is because the mechanisms that regulate cell division, are disrupted. At irregular growth of cells generation results in a tumor. A tumor can be both benign and malignant. Malignant means that the tumor is in the vicinity of tissues and may damage or can spread to other places in the body. Malignant tumors are called cancer. Cancer in general Here we will discuss more about the causes and spread of cancer, but also we will discuss about the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. There are several ways to treat cancer, the most common and well known is chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Radiotherapy uses high energy radiation from the growth of the cancer slowing. There are newer treatments involving the reaction of the body's immune system (the system that the body protects against external substances) is amended. This is called as "immunotherapy". Hormones (estrogen and testosterone in men in women) can have a stimulating effect on the growth of cells. How genomics helps in diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Today the diagnosis of cancer does no longer have the same verdict called death. With appropriate therapy, the disease called cancer can often be cured. But what form of therapy is right? Proper diagnosis and correct treatment is very important for cancer cure. There are several ways to treat cancer: surgery, radiation, chemotherapy or specific medicines. All these methods have a specific purpose but each one of them come with adverse side effects on patients. Surgery is used for tumor removal. But often the tumor in the vicinity of an important organ prevents any operative. So not all tumor can be removed without damaging the body. Radiation kills the tumor cells remaining after surgery. Though radiation is meant to cleanse the area where the tumor is detected but often it also damage the surrounding healthy tissues. Similarly chemotherapy stops the growth of metastases, but also damage healthy cells. Drugs against a particular form of cancer are developed. Unfortunately, so far drugs has very little effect in treatment od advanced cancer. Typically, the treatment of cancer is generally done by a combination of various methods discussed above. But because of severe side effects, doctors try to avoid over exposure to such treatments even though the patient is very critical. The best treatment ultimately depends on the type of cancer and the characteristics of the tumor. Therefore, a proper diagnosis of cancer is very important. Some cancers are more aggressive than others, some tumors grow quickly, and some tumors slow. The more the doctor knows about the tumor, the better the treatment can be attuned. That makes the chances of recovery more probable on the other hand minimizing side effects in patient. Using of genomics the doctors can analyze the properties of the tumor thoroughly. By systematically examining genes of the patient, a tumor can be analyzed for their specific features and possible treatment. Is the tumor metastasis? Is it a rapidly growing tumor? Thanks to the technology called microarray, thousands of genes simultaneously can be investigated. This makes the properties of the tumor clear and it makes possible for doctors to choose the best therapy possible. A conization is both a diagnostic and treatment tool used to detect and treat abnormalities of cancer. Conization can be done as research or treatment. A cone-shaped piece of tissue is removed, this is done through a circular incision (like in the cervix) to make using a normal knife. The treatment is done under general anesthesia and is certainly not small. The conization can be done if the colposcopy does not find a suspicious spot and if there are no abnormalities in the cervical ones. The tissue sample is then removed. Article Source: http://www.cancer-surgery.com/ About Author / Additional Info: I am not a cancer doctor. Always consult your doctor before taking any action or conclusion regarding your medical condition. Comments on this article: (0 comments so far)
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