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Effective Phytonutrients in the Prevention of CancerBY: Ritu Choudhary | Category: Cancer Prevention | Submitted: 2010-10-23 20:39:55
Curcumin and Resveratrol are the two new effective phytonutrients in the prevention of cancer. Curcumin is a yellow pigment extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa. Curcumin appears to be effective in animals in leukemias, lymphomas, cancers of the colon, skin, kidney and breast. A study of patients with oral cancer and skin showed that 18 months of treatment with curcumin can reduce the smell of ulcerative lesions, itching and pus, pain and lesion size tumor. Curcumin inhibits carcinogenesis in the steps of initiation, promotion and progression of cancer. A diet that includes curcumin, beta-carotene and hesperidin, during the initiation phases of cancer induced a reduction of carcinomas in rats. Moreover, the level of polyamines, markers of tumor development was lowered by the chemotherapy. Similarly, curcumin is more effective than quercetin in a model of breast cancer. Curcumin, taken during the diet, reduced the number of stomach tumors induced by benzo, even if administered after exposure to this mutagen. Curcumin has the ability to modulate the expression of proto-oncogenes, genes responsible for tumor proliferation. It also inhibits the activity of protein kinase C and tyrosine kinase in tumor cells, thereby blocking signal transduction (transfer of the message) of these cells and induces their apoptosis by this mechanism in phases promotion and progression. The combination of curcumin, vitamin A and vitamin D3 improves the effectiveness of treatment of leukemia promyeloide. This effect of curcumin is due to the marked inhibition of the activity of proto-oncogene NF-kappa-B. It inhibits the transformation by the Epstein Barr virus, B cells in lymphoma. The inhibition of tumor growth depends on the timing and amount of curcumin administration. The intensity of this inhibition is correlated with inhibition of the activity of ornithine decarboxylase. It stimulates the activity of two antioxidant enzymes involved in detoxification of lipid peroxidation products: glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferase. Curcumin is a potent anti-inflammatory that reduces the production of Tumor Necrosis Factor. It also inhibits lipoxygenase, reducing the production of allergic mediators from arachidonic acid. It decreases the rate of lipoperoxidation end products. Curcumin has anti-angiogenic, that is to say, it reduces the proliferation of new blood vessels necessary for the development of solid tumors. This property is explained by the inhibition of DNA synthesis in vascular endothelial cells. Curcumin reduces both the number and volume of tumors. Resveratrol is a phytoalexin present in grapes. It has demonstrated efficacy in animal models of carcinogenesis in the breast, skin, prostate and colon. Resveratrol is an anti-inflammatory enzyme inhibiting COX-1 and COX-2. Resveratrol is an antioxidant substance. It normalizes the rate of myeloperoxidase and activities of antioxidant enzymes. It restores glutathione. It is anti-mutagenic by three different mechanisms, inhibiting the initiation, promotion and proliferation of cancer cells. It promotes the differentiation of promyelocytic leukemia cells, which can return to the normal state of these tumor cells. Although it increases the expression of the estrogen receptor in breast cancer cells, it has direct anti-proliferative effects against breast epithelial cells by stimulating the expression of the CD95 receptor. It promotes apoptosis i.e. programmed cell death of tumor cells by activating the protooncogene p-53 and inhibiting the protooncogene bcl-2. It blocks the tumor cell signal transduction by inhibiting inducible NO synthase, protein kinase C and activation of nuclear factor NF-kappa-B. In the prostate, it prevents the initiation and development of prostatic carcinoma and reduced the synthesis of Prostate Specific Antigen. Furthermore, it selectively inhibits the cytochrome P450 1A1 and synthesis of metalloproteinases, degrading the extracellular matrix. Currently six key phytonutrients- allicin, catechin, quercetin, isothiocyanates, curcumin and resveratrol are in the form of supplements as a preventative treatment for cancer, even curative adjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery. All these substances have confirmed their effectiveness in animals, but only the effects of tea have been demonstrated in humans. Article Source: http://www.cancer-surgery.com/ About Author / Additional Info: Comments on this article: (0 comments so far)
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